Saturday, December 28, 2019

Comparison Between Ode to a Nightingale and Disabled

In the poem Ode to a Nightingale by John Keats, the poem’s preoccupations and qualities evoke a Romantic sentimental recollection for the past and refer to it several times. Framed through dynamic poetic techniques and powerful visual imagery, Keats conveys universal concerns and values of immortality of art and the mortality of humans through the compilation of the themes of mortality, nature and transience. â€Å"Disabled† by the modernist poet, Wilfred Owen projects numerous sensual metaphors to evoke emotional responses of traumatic war experiences. â€Å"Disabled† has transcended barriers of time to pursue concerns and values through the compilation of themes and emotions of unseen scars, human mortality, and religion. The preoccupations and†¦show more content†¦The persona has to live in a care home and spends his day watching children enjoying their life in the playground. Through deep examination of this poem, the didactic message that is portray ed in this poem is that you must cherish everything you have and to not take anything for granted. This is due to the fact that you never know when you can suddenly lose everything you have got when you do not expect it. This poem also protests against war and shows the meaningless of it, and the wastage of life caused by it. The frequent switches between present and past in the structure of the poem, and the juxtaposition of remembrance and realisation casts a harsh light on everything the soldier has lost. Each stanza starts with describing the soldier’s present conditions and then compares it to his past life, or vice versa. The final stanza however depicts what he thinks his future holds for him, which he depicts as a life lived by rules set by other people, a life of utter dependency and helplessness. In contrast to the Romantic world view, the Modernist cares rather little for Nature, Being, or the overarching structures of history. Instead of progress and growth, the Modernist poets see decay and a growing alienation of the individual, which are characteristics portrayed in â€Å"Disabled.† â€Å"He sat in a wheeled chair, waiting for dark† evokes the isolation of the

Friday, December 20, 2019

David Humes Argument Against Belief in the Existence of...

David Hume was a British empiricist, meaning he believed all knowledge comes through the senses. He argued against the existence of innate ideas, stating that humans have knowledge only of things which they directly experience. These claims have a major impact on his argument against the existence of miracles, and in this essay I will explain and critically evaluate this argument. In his discussion Of Miracles in Section X of An Enquiry concerning Human Understanding, Hume defines a miracle as â€Å"a violation of the laws of nature and as a firm and unalterable experience has established these laws†1. Basically a miracle is something that happens which is contrary to what would happen given the structure of the universe. He also states†¦show more content†¦In other words he is saying that no matter how good or reliable a testimony may be, it can never as it were on the basis of experience be justified to accept that testimony over and against what stands as testimony against the miracle happening. The testimony happens to be the laws of nature themselves. In this sense it is clear that Hume is giving us a priori argument in Part 1 in that he is saying that miracles are contrary to reason. However I think it would be easier to accept this view if Hume had not previously discussed his Induction theory. In regard that he thought that for example that just because the sun has risen every day so far, it does not necessarily follow that the sun will rise tomorrow, we have no rational basis in believing it will. However in regard to miracles he tells us to base our decisions on past experiences, if it is unlikely it is less likely to be true. So in that sense we should also be able to say that based on our past experiences the sun will definitely rise tomorrow? Also if the sun was not to rise, surely that would be a miracle in the sense that it would be a violation of the laws of nature? And what is exactly a violation of natural laws? Dorothy Coleman points out â€Å"past experience shows that what are at one time considered violations of natural laws are frequently foundShow MoreRelatedIn An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding by David Hume, the idea of miracles is introduced.1300 Words   |  6 PagesUnderstanding by David Hume, the idea of miracles is introduced. Hume’s argument is that there is no rational rea son for human beings to believe in miracles, and that it is wrong to have miracles as the building blocks for religion. It is because the general notion of miracles come from the statement of others who claim to have seen them, Hume believes that there is no way to prove that those accounts are accurate, because they were not experienced first-hand. In order to believe a miracle, the evidenceRead MoreBy Definition Miracles Do Not Occur Essay1398 Words   |  6 PagesBy Definition Miracles Do Not Occur Even in this modern age, belief in the miraculous is widespread and is a feature of many world religions, including the Christian faith where miracles have played a significant role. It is important attempt to define what a miracle is, as this in itself is a source for debate. Today the term ‘miracle’ in many different ways and the idea is open to many interpretations. A miracle can be defined in a number of ways, firstly asRead MoreDo You Believe in Miracles? Essay2437 Words   |  10 Pages do you believe in miracles? Or, more appropriately, do you consider, that in today’s scientific era, it is illogical to relate a fact out of common sense, to one that would establish a witness for the intervention of a supernatural being? Here’s a moment to think a about it. Let me guess, you’re sitting there trying to make up your mind. Don’t worry; you’re not the first person that does not believe in miracles. In the past, some two centuries ago, Scottish philosopher David Hume did not believeRead MoreEvil And The Existence Of Evil Essay1478 Words   |  6 PagesEvil and miracles, can they both exist in our modern everyday life? Evil s existence has no doubt to be present due to all the horrors we have heard about or witnessed. While as for miracles, the existence is constantly questioned if they exist and what classi fies as a true miracle. These concepts battle with theism and cause a great uproar to the existence of a powerful, omnipotent, and omniscient being. The definition of evil is the absence of good while the definition of a miracle is an unexpectedRead MoreEssay Miracles849 Words   |  4 PagesMiracles From the Latin word miraculum meaning â€Å"object of wonder† enters the word miracle. Many definitions have been formed for the notion of a miracle but most would agree that it is most commonly an unexplainable extraordinary event, inspiring awe and wonder unto its witnesses. Similar definitions state that it is a â€Å"supernatural event, contrary to the established constitutionRead MoreDavid Humes Anti Miracle Belief Essay1577 Words   |  7 PagesThe problem of miracles is an ancient one that has persisted for most of human history, but that has been addressed with some depth only in the last few centuries. The great empiricist philosopher David Hume was one of the first to present an analysis of miracles that tried to explain why they are created (by human beings themselves, in Hume’s opinion) and why people are so ready to believe in them. This is an important field of study, as with greater knowledge of the character of physical lawRead MoreEssay on Analysis of Hume’s Critique of Causation1825 Words   |  8 PagesAnalysis of Hume’s Critique of Causation Sometimes it is hard to be sure what conclusion to draw from a Humean analysis, and he is easy to misrepresent. This is partly because one argument he is engaged in may raise a number of related issues that he has dealt with elsewhere, and some of his points seem contradictory. My wish is to consider some of the possible readings of David Hume’s critique of causation, as it appears in Section VII of the Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding, â€Å"On NecessaryRead MoreSimilarities Between Descartes And Hume1627 Words   |  7 PagesHe also discovered how the earth orbits the sun. He is a rationalist about knowledge. (Pismenny, 2016) This means that he believes we can gain knowledge through our minds. He argues that you do not need to have experience of something to know it. David Hume, another philosopher, is an empiricist, so he disagrees with Descartes and believes that experience is the only way to gain knowledge. (Hume, 1910) Hume is a Scottish philosopher, historian, economist and essayist. He is also a skeptic and naturalistRead MoreGod? Essay1883 Words   |  8 Pageshas proven to be more than a little difficult to solve. According to O’Brien in his book An Introduction to the Theory of Knowledge, â€Å"The philosophy of religion is (in part) concerned with whether such a belief is justified.† (177). The belief that O’Brien mentions as being problematic is the belief that the God worshiped by the monotheistic religions such as Judaism, Christianity and Islam is the â€Å"supernatural† being who is responsible for creating the universe and can control reality in some wayRead MoreAnalysis of Diaglogues Concerning Natural Religion by David Hume1445 Words   |  6 PagesWord Count: Professor Nelson Philosophical Perspectives 12 October 2012 Writing Assignment #1 Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion by David Hume is a philosophical piece concerning the existence of God. Arguments for and against the existence of God are portrayed in dialogue through three characters; Demea, Cleanthes, and Philo. All three agree that God exists, but they drastically differ in their opinions of God’s attributes or characteristics, and if man can understand God. The characters

Thursday, December 12, 2019

Hcl Technologies Write Up Essay Example For Students

Hcl Technologies Write Up Essay - HCL Technologies History While HCL Enterprise has a 30-year history, HCL Technologies is a relatively young company formed, 12 years ago, in 1998. During this period, HCL has built unique strengths in IT applications (custom applications for industry solutions and package implementation), IT infrastructure management and business process outsourcing, while maintaining and extending its leadership in product engineering. HCL has also built domain depth through a micro-verticalization strategy in industries such as Financial Services, Hi-tech and Manufacturing, Retail, Media and Entertainment, Life Sciences, and Telecom. HCL has created the ability to distribute value across the customers IT landscape through its well-distributed services portfolio, significant domain strengths, and locally relevant geographic distribution. HCL has the widest service portfolio among Indian IT service providers, with each of its services having attained critical mass. Our five mature lines of business are R;D and Engineering, Custom Applications, Enterprise Applications, IT Infrastructure Management, and BPO Services. In addition, HCL has recently launched its Enterprise Transformation Service offerings comprising of Business, Technology, Application and Data Transformation – the four broad needs of any enterprise. Our ability to synergistically integrate these service lines across the entire IT landscape creates new zones for value creation. Additionally, HCL has created unique service leadership in each of these areas through best-of-breed unique propositions. HCL’s leadership in these service areas has been recognized by several leading independent analysts. In 2005, HCL started questioning the linearity of scale-driven business models adopted by service providers (largely in the IT application business). The questioning led us to the belief that the market was rapidly approaching a point of inflection, that is a point where the volume and value proportionality would change, opening up new opportunities for service providers who aspire to focus on value. With this realization, HCL embarked on a transformational journey that focuses on value centricity in customer relationships and on leveraging new market opportunities, while creating a unique employee experience. Hence HCL entered a new phase of evolution – transforming it from a volume-driven service provider to value-centric enterprise that turns technology into competitive advantage for all its customers across the globe. Today HCL’s new way of doing business is being recognized by Harvard, IDC, Fortune, Forbes, Economist, Business Week and the likes. Overview HCL Technologies is a leading global IT services company, working with clients in the areas that impact and redefine the core of their businesses. Since its inception into the global landscape after its IPO in 1999, HCL focuses on transformational outsourcing, underlined by innovation and value creation, and offers integrated portfolio of services including software-led IT solutions, remote infrastructure man agement, engineering and RD services and BPO. HCL leverages its extensive global offshore infrastructure and network of offices in 26 countries to provide holistic, multi-service delivery in key industry verticals including Financial Services, Manufacturing, Consumer Services, Public Services and Healthcare. HCL takes pride in its philosophy of Employee First which empowers our 58,129 transformers to create a real value for the customers. HCL Technologies, along with its subsidiaries, had consolidated revenues of US$ 2. 6 billion (Rs. 12,048 crores), as on 31st March 2010 (on LTM basis). HCL is a $5 billion leading global Technology and IT Enterprise that comprises two companies listed in India HCL Technologies ; HCL Infosystems. Founded in 1976, HCL is one of Indias original IT garage start-ups, a pioneer of modern computing, and a global transformational enterprise today. Its range of offerings spans Product Engineering, Custom Package Applications, BPO, IT Infrastructure Services, IT Hardware, Systems Integration, and distribution of ICT products across a wide range of focused industry verticals. .uad3733efb4e08bade6f9069471f07121 , .uad3733efb4e08bade6f9069471f07121 .postImageUrl , .uad3733efb4e08bade6f9069471f07121 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uad3733efb4e08bade6f9069471f07121 , .uad3733efb4e08bade6f9069471f07121:hover , .uad3733efb4e08bade6f9069471f07121:visited , .uad3733efb4e08bade6f9069471f07121:active { border:0!important; } .uad3733efb4e08bade6f9069471f07121 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uad3733efb4e08bade6f9069471f07121 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uad3733efb4e08bade6f9069471f07121:active , .uad3733efb4e08bade6f9069471f07121:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uad3733efb4e08bade6f9069471f07121 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uad3733efb4e08bade6f9069471f07121 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uad3733efb4e08bade6f9069471f07121 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uad3733efb4e08bade6f9069471f07121 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uad3733efb4e08bade6f9069471f07121:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uad3733efb4e08bade6f9069471f07121 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uad3733efb4e08bade6f9069471f07121 .uad3733efb4e08bade6f9069471f07121-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uad3733efb4e08bade6f9069471f07121:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Early 1900s EssayThe HCL team comprises over 62,000 professionals of diverse nationalities, who operate from 26 countries including over 500 points of presence in India. HCL has global partnerships with several leading Fortune 1000 firms, including leading IT and Technology firms. For more information, please visit  www. hcl. in. Client Base and Revenues HCL Technologies is a leading global IT services company, working with clients in the areas that impact and redefine the core of their businesses. Since its inception into the global landscape after its IPO in 1999, HCL focuses on transformational outsourcing, underlined by innovation and value creation, and offers integrated portfolio of services including software-led IT solutions, remote infrastructure management, engineering and RD services and BPO. HCL leverages its extensive global offshore infrastructure and network of offices in 26 countries to provide holistic, multi-service delivery in key industry verticals including Financial Services, Manufacturing, Consumer Services, Public Services and Healthcare. HCL takes pride in its philosophy of Employee First which empowers our 58,129 transformers to create a real value for the customers. HCL Technologies, along with its subsidiaries, had consolidated revenues of US$ 2. 6 billion (Rs. 12,048 crores), as on 31st March 2010 (on LTM basis). Mergers Acquisition Summary| HCL Technologies Ltd has made 22 acquisitions while taking stakes in 7 companies. HCL Technologies Ltd has 9 divestitures during this period. Year| Acquisitions| Stakes| Divestitures| 010| 0| 0| 0| 2009| 1| 0| 0| 2008| 4| 0| 0| 2007| 0| 0| 0| 2006| 0| 0| 0| 2005| 3| 0| 1| 2004| 4| 1| 3| 2003| 0| 1| 1| 2002| 1| 1| 0| 2001| 3| 3| 2| 2000| 0| 0| 0| 1999| 0| 0| 0| 1998| 1| 1| 0| 1997| 4| 0| 1| 1996| 1| 0| 0| 1995| 0| 0| 0| 1994| 0| 0| 0| 1993| 0| 0| 1| Total| 22| 7| 9| Contact Information Global HQ Corporate Office A-10/11, Sector 3 Noida 201 301, Uttar Pradesh, India Tel. : +91-120-253-5071 Fax: +91-120-253-0591 HCL Technologies Ltd 50-53, Greams Road Chennai 600 006 India Tel. : +91-44-2829-3298 Fax: +91-44-2829-4969 HCL Technologies Ltd 3, Udyog Vihar Phase I Gurgaon 122 016 Haryana, India Tel. : +91-124-243-9900-05 Fax: +91-124-243-9910 HCL Technologies Kolkata Center Module 212-214, SDF Building Block GP, Sector V, Salt Lake Kolkata 700 091, West Bengal, India Tel. : +91-33-2357-3024-25 / 2357-3620-21 Fax: +91-33-2357-3027 HCL Technologies Ltd Vertex Tech Park No. 564, Pattandur, Agrahara Road Off WhiteField Road, Behind ITPL Bengaluru 560 066 India HCL Technologies Ltd B-304, Delphi, 3rd Floor Hiranandani Business Park Powai, Mumbai 400 096 Tel. : +91-22-4007-1400 Fax: +91-22-4005-0690 HCL Technologies Ltd A-1/CD, Sector 16 Noida 201 301 Uttar Pradesh, India Tel. : +91-120-251-6321 Fax: +91-120-251-6315 HCL Technologies Ltd Plot No. 12, Sector 125 Noida 201 301, Uttar Pradesh India Tel. : +91-120-661-4300 Fax: +91-120-661-4331 ***************************************************************************

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

Economics for Global Oil Demand - myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theEconomics for Global Oil Demand. Answer: Introduction: Article Summary: The article Global oil demand to exceed expectations in 2017, says IEA; OPEC cuts supply by Karen Gilchrist, published on 13th September, 2017, sheds light on the recent fluctuations in the global oil market due to the occurrence of several external phenomena of significant implications on the supply of oil. According to the article, as per the predictions of the International Energy Agency, the global demand for oil is expected to increase at a faster rate in the current period, then it was previously expected (Gilchrist 2017). This, clubbed with the fall in supply of oil, is leading to a rebalancing of the oil market, as it is driving out the scope of excess stock of oil. However, the supply of oil is has reduced significantly due to phenomena like the disrupting supply from Libya and the occurrence of Hurricane Harvey, the latter one leading to a daily shutting down of production of nearly 200,000 barrels. This drastic decrease in the supply of oil has led to a condition in the ma rket where the current prices are much higher than the future expected price. The article signals towards a price hike in the near future, though it does not give any specific estimate of the hiked price (Forbes.com 2017). Essay Overview: The essay takes into account the current issue of great concern that has been discussed in the concerned article. The phenomenon of the fall in supply of oil and its implications on the global oil demand and the reasons behind such implications are being studied in the essay. To study the market fluctuations and the stabilizing process, the essay takes reference of different microeconomic concepts like that of demand and supply, changes in demand and supply and their effects on price, elasticity and market efficiency (Rader 2014). Article Analysis: Equilibrium in Oil Market: Oil, being one of the primary necessary commodities for every household and industry in every corner of the world, much of the welfare of the world as a whole depends on the demand and supply situations of the international oil market. Any fluctuation in any of the two forces can lead to huge repercussions on the overall lifestyle of people as a whole. In general, any market (oil market being no exception), remains in an equilibrium situation, when the demand and the supply forces mutually interact with each other and reach a mutually agreeable point, which can be shown as follows: Figure 1: Equilibrium in the market (Source: As created by the author) As can be seen from the above figure, the equilibrium in the market occurs at the point E, where the demand and the supply curve intersects each other, with P0 being the equilibrium price and Q0 being the equilibrium quantity. A stable equilibrium is that condition, which, after any kind of deviation, again comes back to its initial steady state as can be seen from the above diagram (Pearson et al. 2014). Current Demand Supply Imbalances: In the current scenario, as suggested by the concerned article, the global supply of oil, which otherwise maintained a consistency in the levels of supply, fell drastically in the first half of the current year. Much of this fall in the global oil supply can be attributed to the Hurricane Harvey, which occurred in the USA in the month of August. This led to shutting down of many refineries and each day there was a loss of production of nearly 200,000 barrels in August and an expected loss of 300,000 barrels per day in September (Gilchrist 2017). On the other hand, the demand for oil has been consistently increasing, with the demand increasing by 2.4% in the second quarter of the current year. The demand, as has been predicted by the IEA, is expected to increase in the next year at the rate of 1.4%. These two phenomena of a supply shortage and a simultaneous increase in the demand for oil, in the global market, is expected to lead to a scenario, which is explained with the help of the following diagram and the underlying economic reasoning behind the same: Figure 2: Changes in supply and demand (Source: As created by the author) As can be seen from the above figure, the decrease in the supply, collated with the constant increase in the demand for oil, in the global framework, is theoretically expected to shift the equilibrium point from E to F. This leads to a reduction the total quantity of oil in the market and increasing the price of oil significantly (Rios, McConnell and Brue 2013). However, though in general an increase in the price of a normal commodity usually leads to a fall in the demand of that commodity, according to the law of demand, however the extent of fall in demand depends upon the nature of the commodity and how extensively the commodity is being used. This can be portrayed with the help of the concept of elasticity (Canto, Joines and Laffer 2014). Elasticity of Demand: The term elasticity of demand, in economics, refers to the degree of responsiveness of the change in demand for a commodity or service due to a change in the price of the same. The elasticity depends on different factors like the nature of the commodity, the availability of its substitutes and the magnitude of usage of the commodities. If the commodity concerned is not a necessary one or if it has close substitutes which are easily available, then, with a small increase in the price of the commodity, there will be a considerable decrease in its demand as shown in the right hand side figure below (Lin and Prince 2013). However, if the commodity is of necessary in nature and cannot be substituted easily, then an increase in price does not change the demand for the commodity very significantly, indicating that the demand for the commodity is inelastic, as shown in the left hand side figure below: Figure 3: Non-elastic demand (a) and Elastic demand (b) (Source: As created by the author) As is evident from the above figure and the preceding discussion, oil being a commodity, which is of utmost necessity for every individual (household or industry) in any part of the world, the increase in the price of oil, will not reduce the demand for it significantly. This trend is actually observed in reality in the international global market, as can be seen from the concerned article (Forbes.com 2017). Consumer surplus: Due to the fact that the demand for oil is highly inelastic and the supply of oil, in the recent times, has undergone severe downfall due to the external shocks like that of Hurricane Harvey, the situation is expected to be adverse for the consumers all over the world. This can be explained using the economic notion of consumer surplus (Bulow and Klemperer 2012). The consumer surplus is the difference between the actual willingness of the consumer to pay for a commodity or service and the actual amount the consumer pays for the same: Figure 4: Change in consumer surplus (Source: As created by the author) As can be seen from the above figure, which shows the current condition in the international oil market, the initial consumer surplus, before the fall in supply was AP0E. However, due to the fall in the supply of oil and the demand for oil being less elastic, the consumer surplus in the current period has drastically reduced to AP1F. This indicates towards market inefficiency from the consumers perspective, which may have short term or long term implications, depending upon how efficiently and speedily the market recovers (Varian 2014). Market efficiency in long run: As per the article and the discussion in the preceding sections of the essay, the current situation in the global oil market, along with its increasing demand and the supply shock, indicates towards a hike in the price of oil in the current and near future period. The inelastic nature of demand for the commodity also augments this increase in price. The current spot price of oil is higher than the future price or the expected forward price (Wetzstein 2013). However, whether the price of oil will decrease in future or will remain the same will depend upon how fast the oil industry absorbs the shock which stalled its production and how abruptly they can reverse the negative effects by increasing their productivity. If the supply does not increase, then the situation will go on becoming more and more adverse for the consumers. On the other hand, if these negative implications are short term and the supply of oil again increases within a short span of time, then the sufferings of the con sumers will not last for long and the market will again come back to its initial equilibrium, thereby implying the presence of stability in the market (Jarrow and Larsson 2012). Conclusion: As can be concluded from the above discussion, the current oil market, as suggested by the study article, is expected to experience a higher than normal demand in near future. Coupled with the recent drastic supply shock, much of which is due to natural calamities like Hurricane Harvey, the global oil market is expected to experience an overall increase in the level of price, which may be hurting to the consumers as they are expected to enjoy lesser amount of consumer surplus. However, the sufferings can be short term or long term, depending on the efficiency of the market in gaining back its stability by reversing the supply shock in the oil industry and increasing its production. References Bulow, Jeremy, and Paul Klemperer. "Regulated prices, rent seeking, and consumer surplus."Journal of Political Economy120, no. 1 (2012): 160-186. Canto, Victor A., Douglas H. Joines, and Arthur B. Laffer.Foundations of supply-side economics: Theory and evidence. Academic Press, 2014. Forbes.com. 2017. "Forbes Welcome".Forbes.Com. https://www.forbes.com/sites/judeclemente/2017/05/29/the-steady-drumbeat-of-more-global-oil-demand/#792f19ae5e2d. Forbes.com. 2017. "Forbes Welcome".Forbes.Com. https://www.forbes.com/sites/judeclemente/2016/08/28/global-oil-demand-can-only-increase/#68e2b25331a0. Gilchrist, Karen. 2017. "Global Oil Demand To Exceed Expectations In 2017, Says IEA; OPEC Cuts Supply".CNBC. https://www.cnbc.com/2017/09/13/global-oil-demand-to-exceed-expectations-in-2017-says-iea-opec-cuts-supply.html. Jarrow, Robert A., and Martin Larsson. "The meaning of market efficiency."Mathematical Finance22, no. 1 (2012): 1-30. Lin, C-Y. Cynthia, and Lea Prince. "Gasoline price volatility and the elasticity of demand for gasoline."Energy Economics38 (2013): 111-117. Pearson, K. R., Brian R. Parmenter, Alan A. Powell, Peter J. Wilcoxen, and P. B. Dixon.Notes and problems in applied general equilibrium economics. Vol. 32. Elsevier, 2014. Rader, Trout.Theory of microeconomics. Academic Press, 2014. Rios, Manuel C., Campbell R. McConnell, and Stanley L. Brue.Economics: Principles, problems, and policies. McGraw-Hill, 2013. Varian, Hal R.Intermediate Microeconomics: A Modern Approach: Ninth International Student Edition. WW Norton Company, 2014. Wetzstein, Michael Eugene.Microeconomic theory: concepts and connections. Routledge, 2013.